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¹ Central Research Institute for Field Crops, Yenimahalle - Ankara
² Ankara University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Horticulture Dışkapı-Ankara - The genetic variation among different 47 rose genotypes, consisting of 27 modern garden types, 15 cut - roses including one bud mutant genotype from Dallas cultivar and 5 old garden roses were identified by using RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA) molecular technique. Within 176 fragments (150-2070 bp) 133 fragments resulted in 75.4% polymorphism generated by 19 selective primers tested in previous studies. RAPD-PCR analyses led to efficiently differentiation as tree main groups within 47 genotypes comprising of modern garden roses, cut roses and old garden roses, which have been confirmed by correlation by UPGMA algorithm (Unweighted Pair Group Method Using Arithmetic Averages) and dendogram was also formed according to their horticultural groups. The results indicated that RAPD method is one of the effective molecular tools for identification and assessing of genetic relationship within rose cultivars grown under different horticultural groups. Keywords : Rosa sp., RAPD, DNA isolation, genetic identification