Editor in Chief
Dr. Hümeyra YAMAN, Field Crops Central Research Institute, Ankara, Türkiye
Prof. Fikrettin ŞAHİN, Yeditepe University, İstanbul, Türkiye
Dr. Fatma Gül MARAŞ VANLIOĞLU, Field Crops Central Research Institute, Ankara, Türkiye
Advisory Board
(Alphabetical Order by Surname)
Assoc. Prof. İlhan AYDIN, General Directorate of Fisheries and Aquaculture, Ankara, Türkiye
Prof. Tomohiro BAN, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
Prof. Eda BECER, East Mediterranean University, Famagusta, North Cyprus
Prof. Sezai ERCİŞLİ, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Türkiye
Prof. Luigi CATTIVELLI, CREA Research Centre for Genomics and Bioinformatics, Fiorenzuola d’Arda, Italy
Dr. Gotz HENSEL ,Heinrich-Heine-University Dusseldorf, Germany
Prof. Zümrüt Begüm ÖGEL, Konya Food and Agriculture University, Konya, Türkiye
Managing Editors
Dr. Fatma Gül MARAŞ VANLIOĞLU, Field Crops Central Research Institute, Ankara, Türkiye
Asst. Prof. Burcu GÜNDÜZ ERGÜN, Field Crops Central Research Institute, Ankara, Türkiye
Dr. Mehmet DOĞAN, Field Crops Central Research Institute, Ankara, Türkiye
Dr. Semra PALALI DELEN, Field Crops Central Research Institute, Ankara, Türkiye
Dr. Yavuz DELEN, Field Crops Central Research Institute, Ankara, Türkiye
Editorial Board
(Alphabetical Order by Surname)
Dr. Magdi T. ABDELHAMID, National Research Center, Cairo, Egypt
Assoc. Prof. Zelal ADIGÜZEL, Koç University, Istanbul, Türkiye
Prof. Nisar AHMED, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
Dr. Sanu ARORA, John Innes Centre, Norwich, United Kingdom
Assoc. Prof. Hudson ASHRAFI, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, USA
Assoc. Prof. Burçin ATILGAN-TÜRKMEN, Bilecik Şeyh Edebali University, Bilecik, Türkiye
Assoc. Prof. İlhan AYDIN, Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, Ankara, Türkiye
Dr. Reyhan BAHTİYARCA-BAĞDAT, Field Crops Central Research Institute, Ankara, Türkiye
Prof. Faheem Shehzad BALOCH, Mersin University, Mersin, Türkiye
Prof. Tomohiro BAN, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
Prof. Eda BECER, East Mediterranean University, Famagusta, North Cyprus
Dr. Valeria BIANCIOTTO, Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, Turin, Italy
Assoc. Prof. Fabricio Eulalio Leite CARVALHO, Federal University of Ceara, Ceará, Brazil
Prof. Luigi CATTIVELLI, CREA Research Centre for Genomics and Bioinformatics, Fiorenzuola d’Arda, Italy
Prof. Ahmet ÇABUK, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Türkiye
Asst. Prof. Hüseyin ÇAKIROĞLU, Sakarya University, Sakarya, Türkiye
Assoc. Prof. Volkan ÇEVİK, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom
Prof. Abdelfattah A. DABABAT, International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center, Ankara, Türkiye
Prof. Semra DEMİR, Van Yüzüncü Yıl University, Van, Türkiye
Assoc. Prof. İrem DENİZ, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa, Türkiye
Prof. Enes DERTLİ, Technical University, Istanbul, Türkiye
Prof. Sami DOĞANLAR, Izmir Institute of Technology, Izmir, Türkiye
Prof. Şeküre Şebnem ELLİALTIOĞLU (Emeritus), Ankara University, Ankara, Türkiye
Asst. Prof. Evren Doruk ENGİN, Dokuz Eylül University, Ankara, Türkiye
Prof. Sezai ERCİŞLİ, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Türkiye
Prof. Füsun EYİDOĞAN, Başkent University, Ankara, Türkiye
Prof. Anne FRARY, Izmir Institute of Technology, Izmir, Türkiye
Prof. Mohamed Fawzy Ramadan HASSANIEN, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
Dr. Muhammad Asyraf Md HATTA, University Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
Dr. Şadiye HAYTA-SMEDLEY, John Innes Centre, Norwich, United Kingdom
Dr. Gotz HENSEL ,Heinrich-Heine-University Dusseldorf, Germany
Asst. Prof. Lionel HILL, John Innes Centre, Norwich, United Kingdom
Prof. Fikret IŞIK, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, USA
Prof. Mehmet İNAN, , Akdeniz University, Antalya, Türkiye
Dr. Zakaria KEHEL, International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas, Rabat, Morocco
Assoc. Prof. Tuğba KESKİN-GÜNDOĞDU, Izmir Democracy University, Izmir, Türkiye
Dr. Benjamin KILIAN, Global Crop Diversity Trust, Bonn, Germany
Prof. Aysun KILIÇ-SÜLOĞLU, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Türkiye
Dr. Erica LUMINI, Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, Turin, Italy
Assoc. Prof. David MOTA-SANCHEZ, Michigan State University, Michigan, United States
Prof. Raveendran MUTHURAJAN, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, India
Prof. Nedim MUTLU, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Türkiye
Asst. Milton Costa Lima NETO, São Paulo State University, São Paulo, Brazil
Prof. Hilal ÖZDAĞ, Ankara University, Ankara, Türkiye
Assoc. Prof. Güneş ÖZHAN,Dokuz Eylül University, Izmir, Türkiye
Prof. Hakan ÖZKAN, Çukurova University, Adana, Türkiye
Prof. Volkmar PASSOTH, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
Prof. Pasquale RUSSO, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
Assoc. Prof. Sachin RUSTGI, Clemson University, Clemson, USA
Prof. Andriy SIBIRNY, Institute of Cell Biology, NAS of Ukraine, Lviv, Ukraine
Prof. Mahmoud SITOHY, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
Prof. Sibel SİLİCİ, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Türkiye
Mark A. SMEDLEY, John Innes Centre, Norwich, United Kingdom
Prof. Ahmet ŞAHİN, Ahi Evran University, Kırşehir, Türkiye
Assoc. Prof. Urartu Özgür Şafak ŞEKER, Bilkent University, Ankara, Türkiye
Prof. Bahattin TANYOLAÇ, Ege University, İzmir, Türkiye
Prof. İskender TİRYAKİ, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale, Türkiye
Assoc. Prof. Aras TÜRKOĞLU, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Türkiye
Dr. Rishi Kumar TYAGI, National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi, India
Prof. Cem Bülent ÜSTÜNDAĞ, Yıldız Technical University, Istanbul, Türkiye
Dr. Ahmet Faruk YEŞİLSU, Central Fisheries Research Institute, Trabzon, Türkiye
Prof. Remziye YILMAZ, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Türkiye
Technical Editors
Neval ALDUR ACAR, Field Crops Central Research Institute, Ankara, Türkiye
Sefa AYTEN, Field Crops Central Research Institute, Ankara, Türkiye
Mehmet DOĞAN, Field Crops Central Research Institute, Ankara, Türkiye
Oğuzhan ERAY, Field Crops Central Research Institute, Ankara, Türkiye
Selin GÜNDÜZ, Field Crops Central Research Institute, Ankara, Türkiye
Dr. Sevgi HEREK BESLER, Field Crops Central Research Institute, Ankara, Türkiye
Language Editors
Mehmet DOĞAN, Field Crops Central Research Institute, Ankara, Türkiye
Selin GÜNDÜZ, Field Crops Central Research Institute, Ankara, Türkiye
Dr. Sevgi HEREK BESLER, Field Crops Central Research Institute, Ankara, Türkiye














