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¹ Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Akdeniz University, 07058, Antalya, Turkey DOI : 10.38042/biost.2021.30.01.02 - This study was undertaken to assess genetic and phenotypic diversity of Turkish okra (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench) germplasm of 26 landraces including three cultivars (Akköy-41, Kabaklı-11, and Marmara-1) with 34 phenotypic traits and 74 iPBS-retrotransposon primers. Leaf-blade size, fruit length, fruit diameter, fruit number per plant, petiole length, plant height, stem diameter, number of stem nodes, and plant growth type (degree of branching) were the most important morphological traits contributing to the variation. Comparison of genotypes with 14 iPBS-retrotransposon primers yielded 141 bands, 34 of which (24.1%) were polymorphic, with the primer 2271 producing the highest (6) bands per primer. Cluster analysis based on phenotypic and molecular markers produced two major groups. Phenotypic based unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA) dendrogram had 12 sub-groups with the highest similarity (0.63) between GAN-19/GAN-21 and MGL-6/Akköy-41 genotypes. The markers, however, produced a dendrogram with eight subgroups, pairwise genetic similarities ranging from 0.43 to 1.00, where MGL-6 singled out with a similarity value of 0.57. Howbeit, the Mantel test between both dendrograms based on the similarity matrix was insignificant. Keywords : Okra Landraces Agro-Morphologic Molecular Selection